• Cystitis, which happens when the bladder walls get irritated and the bladder gets swollen and sensitive, causing pain in the pelvic and genital areas. Medication and a diet low in acid-forming foods will help.
• Cancer treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation in and around the lower belly, can cause inflammation in the bladder, and also lead to painful urination and painful sex.
• A yeast infection in women, known as candida which occurs in the vagina, causing itching and swelling around the vagina, leading to painful urination and painful sex.

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